Welcome to Garment Diary, your go-to source for mastering the art of yarn and yarn count in the fashion industry. Whether you’re new to fashion or an expert, there’s something here for you.
Today, you will discover the world of yarn and see how it shapes the clothes we wear. So, let’s explore the art of fashion together!
What Is The Yarn Count of Fabric?
The yarn count of fabric is a way to measure how thick or thin the yarn (threads) used in making the fabric is. It helps us understand the texture and weight of the fabric.
In other words, the yarn count of fabric is a numerical expression that indicates the fineness or coarseness of the yarn used to make the fabric. It is an essential parameter in the textile industry that affects the fabric’s texture, appearance, weight, and overall quality.
Why Is It Necessary To Use Different Yarn Counts?
Using different yarn counts is necessary because it allows us to create a variety of fabrics with different characteristics. Here’s why:
- Texture and Thickness: Different yarn counts result in fabrics with varying textures and thicknesses. Thicker yarns (lower counts) make thicker, coarser fabrics, while thinner yarns (higher counts) create finer, smoother fabrics.
- Purpose: The type of yarn count used depends on what the fabric will be used for. For example, heavy yarns are good for making warm sweaters, while light yarns are perfect for delicate scarves or lightweight shirts.
- Durability: Different yarn counts can affect the strength and durability of the fabric. Thicker yarns generally create stronger fabrics suitable for heavy-duty uses, while thinner yarns are used for more delicate items.
- Appearance: Yarn count affects the appearance of the fabric. Higher yarn counts can create more detailed and intricate patterns, whereas lower yarn counts give a more rustic and robust look.
- Comfort: The feel of the fabric on the skin can be influenced by the yarn count. Fabrics made from finer yarns (higher counts) are usually softer and more comfortable, making them ideal for clothing that touches the skin.
What Types of Fabrics Are Produced From Each Yarn Count?
Fabrics vary significantly based on the yarn count used in their production. So, let’s learn about the types of fabrics produced from different kinds of yarn count.
#1 Fine Yarns (High Yarn Count)
Fine yarns have a high yarn count, meaning they are thinner and lighter. Fabrics made from fine yarns include:
- Silk Fabrics: Typically, silk fabrics use very fine yarns (e.g., 60s to 120s Ne) to achieve their luxurious, smooth texture and lightweight properties. Examples are silk satin, chiffon, and georgette.
- Cotton Shirting: High-count cotton yarns (80s to 200s Ne) are used to produce fine, smooth, and crisp shirting fabrics. These fabrics are breathable and comfortable, ideal for high-quality dress shirts.
- Lawn and Voile: These are lightweight, semi-sheer fabrics made from fine organic cotton or blended yarns (40s to 80s Ne). They are soft and airy, perfect for summer wear.
- Fine Wool Suiting: High-count worsted wool yarns (80s to 150s NeW) create smooth, durable, and wrinkle-resistant suiting fabrics. These fabrics are synonymous with high-end business attire.
#2 Medium Yarns (Moderate Yarn Count)
Medium yarns have a balanced count, offering a mix of strength, durability, and softness. Fabrics made from medium yarns include:
- Denim: Typically, denim uses medium yarns (12s to 40s Ne) to achieve its characteristic strength and durability. Denim is used for jeans, jackets, and other sturdy garments.
- Twill and Gabardine: These fabrics use medium yarns to create strong, durable textiles with distinct diagonal weaves. They are commonly used for trousers, uniforms, and outerwear.
- Poplin: Made from medium-count yarns (20s to 40s Ne), poplin is a versatile fabric with a smooth, even surface. It is used for shirts, dresses, and light jackets.
- Jersey Knit: Medium yarns are used for jersey fabrics, providing the right balance of stretch, durability, and comfort. This fabric is widely used for t-shirts, dresses, and casual wear.
#3 Coarse Yarns (Low Yarn Count)
Coarse yarns have a low yarn count, making them thick and heavy. Fabrics made from coarse yarns include:
- Canvas and Duck: These fabrics use coarse yarns (4s to 20s Ne) to achieve their robust, heavyweight properties. They are ideal for heavy-duty applications like tents, sails, and workwear.
- Terry Cloth: Made from coarse yarns, terry cloth has high absorbency and durability, making it perfect for towels and bathrobes.
- Heavy Woolens: Coarse wool yarns are used to produce thick, warm fabrics like tweed, melton, and blanket cloth. These fabrics are excellent for outerwear and blankets.
- Rugs and Carpets: Coarse yarns are essential for the durability and wear resistance required in rugs and carpets.
Which Instrument Measures Yarn Count?
The instrument used to measure yarn count is typically a wrap reel. This tool helps determine the length and weight of the yarn, which are necessary for calculating the yarn count.
The yarn is wound around the wrap reel. And the total length and weight are measured to determine the yarn count accurately.
Yarn Count Measurement System
The yarn count can be expressed in several systems, with the two most common being the direct system and the indirect system.
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Direct System
In the direct system, the yarn count is determined by the weight of a given length of yarn. A common unit used in this system is Tex or Denier.
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Indirect System
In the indirect system, the yarn count is determined by the length of a given weight of yarn. Common units in this system include Ne (English count) and Nm (Metric count).
Final Thoughts
Yarn count is important for determining how thick or thin yarn is in fabric. It affects texture, weight, and durability, shaping the fabric’s feel and functionality. Fine yarns create delicate, smooth textiles like silk and high-count cottons ideal for dress shirts.
Medium yarns strike a balance, providing strength for denim and twill, or comfort for jersey knits. Coarse yarns produce sturdy fabrics such as canvas and terry cloth, perfect for heavy-duty items like tents and towels. Understanding yarn count helps ensure fabrics meet specific needs, whether for luxury, durability, or everyday comfort.
Frequently Asked Questions:
- How does yarn count affect the fabric?
Yarn count determines the fabric’s weight, texture, and durability, influencing its overall feel and application.
- What are the 3 major yarn categories?
There are three major yearn categories:
- Staple Yarn
- Filament Yarn
- Textured Yarn
- Why is yarn count important?
Yarn count ensures the fabric meets desired qualities like strength, comfort, and suitability for specific uses.
- Is a higher yarn count better?
Not always; higher counts mean finer yarns, good for softness but may sacrifice durability.
